Adviser
Efficient Capital Management, LLC (“Efficient”) works as a commodity trading advisor (“CTA”)
specialist alongside investors to target specific portfolio goals, styles and strategies within
managed futures portfolios which are managed by third-party CTAs. Efficient can tailor funds for
investors by targeting volatility levels, restricting the trading of certain futures contracts or
securities and accepting currencies other than U.S. Dollars.
Efficient’s Clients consist of commodity pools managed by Efficient as the Commodity Pool
Operator (“CPO”) or Investment Manager of the Client. Qualified investors may invest in the
Clients. Efficient also advises and acts as a Sub-Advisor or Advisor for certain non-U.S. funds that
are not controlled or operated by Efficient. As of the date of this Brochure, Efficient manages only
one “private fund” as defined by the SEC, Efficient US Funds, LLC – Gemstone-Enhanced Multi-
Asset Series. This fund employs a combination of managed futures Trend Following strategies and
multi-asset Risk Parity strategies. Efficient currently manages no registered investment companies,
although it may do so in the future.
As of December 31, 2023, Efficient managed $ 1,004,486,042 in aggregate securities “regulatory
assets under management”, as such term is defined by the SEC. As of December 31, 2023, Efficient
managed approximately $ 2,479,937,762 in aggregate nominal assets under management for its
Clients, which is a term commonly used in the managed futures industry. “Nominal assets” refers
to the amount of cash plus notional funds (i.e., trading level) to be utilized for trading in managed
futures and other commodity interests pursuant to third-party CTAs’ trading programs, as agreed-
upon between the Clients and the CTAs.
History
Founded in 1999 by its principal owner, Ernest L. Jaffarian, Efficient was built on many previous
years of experience in the financial futures industry. After having worked at Chicago Research and
Trading in a variety of roles, including as a market maker for listed options and at his own CTA,
Sandpiper Trading, Mr. Jaffarian took a position in January 1997 at Hull Trading Company to
develop and manage an off‐site proprietary trading business that developed and expanded CTA
allocation methodologies over the succeeding few years. As a result of an initial public offering
being offered by Hull Trading Company, Mr. Jaffarian was given the opportunity to form a
separate company.
Efficient officially launched as an independent company on May 1, 1999. As a separate legal
entity, Efficient was free to manage outside assets. Efficient is organized as a Delaware limited
liability company.
Jaffarian Management Company, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company, is the majority owner
and the manager of Efficient Capital Holdings, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company and
Efficient’s parent, and the manager of Efficient. Mr. Jaffarian is the managing member and
majority owner of Jaffarian Management Company, LLC. Through this holding company
structure, Mr. Jaffarian controls Efficient.
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In 2004, Efficient launched its master trading fund, Efficient Trading Limited (“ETL”), a Cayman
Islands exempted company and Mutual Fund registered with the Cayman Islands Monetary
Authority, along with its feeder funds. The fund’s objective was to make the unique features of its
large institutional managed account portfolios available to fund investors by providing access to a
diversified multi-manager portfolio of CTAs, through managed accounts, with daily risk
monitoring, back office operations and technology systems of institutional quality. This new fund
structure allowed Efficient to begin offering different levels of volatility, fees and currency
exposure.
Current Business Activities
In 2014, Efficient launched customized portfolios as a new service for investors. In addition to its
master trading fund, ETL, Efficient now has various single CTA/advisor and multiple
CTA/advisor funds (each, along with ETL and its feeder funds, a “Fund” and collectively, the
“Funds”) and can provide customized portfolios through its Funds. The Funds may also
collectively be referred to as the “Clients” hereinafter, and each, a “Client”. In offering such
customization, investors in Clients can request that Funds be tailored to meet their needs which
may include restricting certain instruments from trading or investing in futures or securities other
than those currently traded. Investors in Clients may also negotiate special terms other that those
stated in the Private Placement Memorandum or Offering Memorandum of a Client (each, an
“OM”) which may result in the creation of an OM supplement or side letter. Not all Efficient’s
Clients permit customization. There are various levels of customization, all of which can differ by
Client. As a result of such customization, Clients can be organized and offered into separate
segregated portfolios or series, or separate classes of shares/interests, each with their own business
and investment terms (including but not limited to, leverage/portfolio exposure, fees, notices and
transparency of information, and liquidity). Each segregated portfolio/series or class of
shares/interests of a Client generally will have a separate Letter from the Directors (in the case of
an offshore Client) or Letter from the Manager (in the case of a U.S. Client), as applicable, further
outlining the material investment terms of the portfolio/series or class, while the OM itself will
contain general terms, conditions and disclosures. The Letter from the Directors or Manager will
thus supplement, and be considered a part of, the Client’s OM. References in this Brochure to the
term “OM” will be deemed
to also include the applicable Letter from the Directors or Manager, as
applicable, if any.
Efficient’s role as the CPO for the Clients enables Efficient to select or terminate CTAs or other
investment managers (each, an “Advisor” and collectively, the “Advisors”) to trade the Clients’
assets. Funds may include single-Advisor or multiple-Advisor Funds, selected by Efficient on a
discretionary basis or recommended by Efficient on a non-discretionary basis, based on the
specific investment objectives and strategies of the Client. The Advisors employ managed futures
strategies (focused on futures contracts, options on futures, foreign currency forward contracts and
other commodity interests). However, as a complement to their futures strategies, certain Advisors
also may incorporate other investment instruments to a Client’s portfolios, such as security futures
(single stock futures), securities-based swaps, options and other derivatives, cash securities such
as stocks, bonds, notes and exchange-traded funds, such as in broad-based multi-asset risk parity
strategies. A portion of a Client’s assets could also be allocated to Advisors that trade securities
strategies exclusively, as opposed to futures-focused strategies that incorporate some securities
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instruments. Even so, however, the extent of any such non-futures trading is expected to be
minimal, if any.
The Clients will access each Advisor’s strategy via separately managed accounts held in the name
of the Client directly, or indirectly through one or more Efficient-managed Clients that serve as
master trading funds or subsidiary trading vehicles which will hold the managed accounts. Certain
Clients may also access an Advisor’s strategy by investing in collective investment funds managed
and sponsored by the Advisor, as opposed to Efficient.
Cash Management and Custodian
Except as described below, excess cash which is not utilized for margin for trading or deposited in
a separate bank account is held in cash accounts which will be managed by an independent third
party (the “Cash Manager”) held in the name of the Client. Given the leveraged nature of futures
trading and managed futures investing, it is expected that such excess cash will comprise a
significant portion of Client assets. The Cash Manager invests, on a discretionary basis, all or part
of the funds held in the cash account in a portfolio of short-term, liquid, interest-bearing
investments, potentially including but not limited to, U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. agency
securities, U.S. government money market funds, repurchase agreements, commercial paper and
other permitted liquid investments, subject to standing investment guidelines and the current
liquidity needs of the particular account which Efficient determines and communicates
periodically to the Cash Manager, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (“CTI”), an
SEC-registered investment adviser. Efficient periodically reviews the Cash Manager’s activities
for the accounts and may cause a Client to engage a new Cash Manager or additional Cash
Managers at any time in its sole discretion (unless otherwise agreed with the Client). Clients will
pay the Cash Manager a fee equal to a percentage of the account’s cash assets under management.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in Efficient’s sole discretion, certain Client accounts (particularly,
small accounts) may not utilize the services of CTI as the Cash Manager. Such Clients’ cash will
be held in one or more money market funds held by the Custodian, except as described below.
Except as described below, custody of a Client’s cash assets is held at Midwest Institutional Trust
Company (“MITC”) (the “Custodian”) in an institutional custody account. MITC succeeded to
the institutional custody business of BMO Bank, N.A., Efficient’s prior custodian. MITC is a trust
company licensed with and regulated by the State of Kansas Office of the State Bank
Commissioner, and its principal business address is 5901 College Boulevard, Suite 100, Overland
Park, Kansas 66211. MITC is part of the Midwest Family of Companies, which are privately held
independent trust, investment management and service companies with approximately $500
billion in total trust and custody assets.
In Efficient’s sole discretion, certain Client accounts may not have institutional custody accounts
with the Custodian as described above, but rather may have non-custodial, deposit accounts at the
Custodian, which may or may not bear interest. Please contact Efficient for confirmation regarding
the cash management and custodial/banking arrangements that may be applicable to your
particular account. Additional disclosure may be provided in the OM or other applicable Fund
documentation.
Clients will pay customary fees to the Cash Manager, Custodian, and bank, as applicable, for their
services. Efficient’s cash management and custodial arrangements, and the fees for such services,
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are subject to change. Efficient may appoint additional or replacement Cash Managers and
Custodians for any Client at any time without notice (except as otherwise agreed with a Client,
where applicable). Alternatively, in the future Efficient may directly assume the foregoing cash
management responsibilities instead of a third-party firm, and may receive a separate fee for its
cash management services, if so disclosed.
Futures Registrations
Efficient is registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as a CPO and
a CTA and is a member of the National Futures Association (“NFA”) (NFA ID No. 293441). Such
registrations and membership do not imply the CFTC or the NFA has endorsed Efficient’s
qualifications to provide investment management services.